Stanford University

The Political Economy of Power Market Reform

This conference is being held at the early stages in a cluster of related studies on the political economy of electric power systems in developing countries. The event has been timed to allow the presentation of the first drafts of the overall framework as well as individual case studies-to be critiqued and counseled. The introductory overview provides a framework for thinking about the "political economy" of reform-the legal, political and institutional issues that largely determine the organization of electric power systems and explain the outcomes of different attempts at reform. The study is expected to be finalized by summer 2003.

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Bechtel Conference Center

David G. Victor

School of International Relations and Pacific Studies
UC San Diego
San Diego, CA

(858) 534-3254
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Professor at the School of International Relations and Pacific Studies and Director of the School’s new Laboratory on International Law and Regulation
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David G. Victor Associate Professor Moderator Program on Energy and Sustainable Development

Thomas C. Heller

Crown Quad rm 329
Stanford, California 94305-8610

(650) 723-7650 (650) 725-0253
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Lewis Talbot and Nadine Hearn Shelton Professor of International Legal Studies, Emeritus
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An expert in international law and legal institutions, Thomas C. Heller has focused his research on the rule of law, international climate control, global energy use, and the interaction of government and nongovernmental organizations in establishing legal structures in the developing world. He has created innovative courses on the role of law in transitional and developing economies, as well as the comparative study of law in developed economies. He co-directs the law school’s Rule of Law Program, as well as the Stanford Program in International Law. Professor Heller has been a visiting professor at the European University Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, and Hong Kong University, and has served as the deputy director of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University, where he is now a senior fellow.

Professor Heller is also a senior fellow (by courtesy) at the Woods Institute for the Environment. Before joining the Stanford Law School faculty in 1979, he was a professor of law at the University of Wisconsin Law School and an attorney-advisor to the governments of Chile and Colombia.

FSI Senior Fellow and Woods Institute Senior Fellow by courtesy
Thomas C. Heller Professor Moderator Stanford Law School

Henri Tjiong

Program on Energy and Sustainable Development
Center for Environmental Science and Policy
Encina Hall
Stanford, CA 94305

(650) 725-8073 (650) 724-1717
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J.S.D.

Dr. Tjiong joined PESD in September 2002. His work at PESD concentrates in the realm of electric power market reform. Since 1999, Dr. Tjiong has been a Research Associate with the Max-Planck-Projectgroup, Common Goods: Law, Politics, and Economics in Bonn, Germany. Previously, he served as Consultant to the Consumer Policy Committee for the OECD in Paris, France. Dr. Tjiong holds a J.S.D. from Stanford University School of Law and a J.S.M. from the Stanford School of Law Program in International Legal Studies. He also attended Erasmus University Rotterdam.

Postdoctoral Scholar (2002-2003)
Henri Tjiong Fellow Moderator Program on Energy and Sustainable Development
Conferences

New Threat of Terror in the Western Hemisphere, A

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In its relations with Peru, the United States has historically placed greatest emphasis on fighting the war on drugs. As Sendero Luminoso, The Shining Path, led an insurgency against the Peruvian government in the 1980s and 1990s, the United States provided ample support against the terrorists located in the jungle, especially those participating in the drug trade. But Peru's victory over terrorism then was due more to improved police intelligence and increased public investment, rather than success in the war on drugs. Now, in the midst of economic troubles and a difficult transition back to democracy in Peru, the Shining Path has made a resurgence. The United States again faces a choice about how to proceed - to continue focusing on the war on drugs or to provide sustained levels of investment in Peru's economy and political institutions, thereby turning this war on terror into a war on poverty.

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SAIS Review
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Institutional Design, Ethnic Conflict Management, and Democracy in Nigeria

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Reynolds brings together the leading scholars to discuss the successes and failures of constitutional design. Arend Lijphart and Donald Horowitz debate their own contributions to the field. Emerging scholars then present important new evidence from Europe, the CIS, Latin America, and Africa. Chapters analyse the effect of presidential and parliamentary systems, issues of federalism and autonomy, and the varying impact of electoral systems. The book concludes with case studies of Fiji, Ireland, Eritrea, Indonesia, Nigeria, and India. The Architecture of Democracy is the culmination of the study of constitutional engineering in the third wave of democracy and sets parameters for this crucial research as democracy diffuses across the world.

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Oxford University Press in "The Architecture of Democracy: Constitutional Design, Conflict Mangement and Democracy", Andrew Reynolds, ed.
Authors
Larry Diamond

Growth Slowing After Acute Helicobacter pylori Infection is Age-Dependent

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Objective: Most infections occur during childhood, but the health effects of childhood infection are poorly understood. We investigated whether growth decreases in the 2 months after acute seroconversion.

Methods: We performed a nested case-control study among children 6 months to 12 years of age in a community on the outskirts of Lima, Peru. Health interviews were completed daily. Anthropometric measurements were taken monthly. Sera were collected every 4 months and tested for immunoglobulin G. Two-month height and weight gains of seroconverters were compared with gains of sex, age, and size-matched seronegative controls.

Results: In the 2 months after infection, 26 seroconverters gained a median of 24% less weight than 26 matched controls (interquartile range, 63% less to 21% more). In multivariate analysis, infection attenuated weight gain only among children aged 2 years or older. This decrease was not explained by increased diarrhea.

Conclusions: Seroconversion is associated with a slowing of weight gain in children aged 2 years or older. Reasons for this finding merit additional study.

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Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology
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Julie Parsonnet
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Crowding the Rim

Submitted by fsid9admin on
Students benefit from using HazPac, an interactive online map database, to explore natural hazard risks and from collaborating with classmates to develop possible social, structural, environmental, economic, and geological methods to reduce vulnerabilties.

Acute Helicobacter pylori Infection is Followed by an Increase in Diarrheal Diseases Among Peruvian Children

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Background: Cohort and case-crossover studies were conducted to evaluate whether new Helicobacter pylori infections are followed by increased diarrhea.

Methods: Participants were 6-month-old to 12-year-old shantytown residents living near Lima, Peru. Baseline data were collected from community households. Health interviews were completed daily, and sera, drawn every 4 months, were tested for H pylori immunoglobulin G. Diarrhea rates among newly H pylori-infected (seroconverting) children were compared with rates among persistently uninfected and infected children using cohort and case-crossover analyses.

Results: Sera were obtained from 345 children from January 1, 1995, through September 1, 1997. H pylori incidence was 12% per year (36 H pylori infections in 109 866 seronegative days). In adjusted cohort analyses, seroconverters had more diarrhea days (rate ratio: 2.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.6-2.4), episodes, and sick days in the year after infection than did uninfected children; and more diarrhea days and sick days than did persistently infected children. This effect was strongest in the first 2 months. Case-crossover analyses supported these findings.

Conclusion: Preventing H pylori infection may help reduce pediatric diarrheal disease.

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Pediatrics
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Julie Parsonnet
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Political Parties and Democracy

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Political parties are one of the core institutions of democracy. But in democracies around the world -- rich and poor, Western and non-Western -- there is growing evidence of low or declining public confidence in parties. In membership, organization, and popular involvement and commitment, political parties are not what they used to be. But are they in decline, or are they simply changing their forms and functions? In contrast to authors of most previous works on political parties, which tend to focus exclusively on long-established Western democracies, the contributors to this volume cover many regions of the world. Theoretically, they consider the essential functions that political parties perform in democracy and the different types of parties. Historically, they trace the emergence of parties in Western democracies and the transformation of party cleavage in recent decades. Empirically, they analyze the changing character of parties and party systems in postcommunist Europe, Latin America, and five individual countries that have witnessed significant change: Italy, Japan, Taiwan, India, and Turkey. As the authors show, political parties are now only one of many vehicles for the representation of interests, but they remain essential for recruiting leaders, structuring electoral choice, and organizing government. To the extent that parties are weak and discredited, the health of democracy will be seriously impaired.

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Johns Hopkins University Press
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Larry Diamond

Crop Science Research to Assure Food Security

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This book includes keynote invited papers from the Third International Crop Science Congress held in Hamburg, Germany, in August 2000. All papers have been prepared within strict editorial guidelines to ensure that the work is a balanced review text that provides an overview of the major issues confronting crop science today and in the future. It represents a suitable advanced textbook for students, as well as offering research workers concise overviews of topics adjacent to their areas of research. Contributors include leading authorities from Europe, North and South America, Africa, Asia and Australia.

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CABI in Noesberger, J. et al. (eds) "Crop Science: Progess and Prospects"
Authors
Kenneth Cassman
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