About the Topic: Government services have often been found to act as important sites of political socialization.  Through interactions with institutions and functionaries of the state, individuals learn important lessons about their worth as citizens and the functioning of democracy.  What then happens when governments no longer provide basic services and are replaced by the private sector?  In the context of a large private school voucher experiment, I leverage the randomized distribution of private school vouchers to understand the impact of private schools on citizen's engagement with the state.  Based on an original household survey of 1,200 households conducted five years after a voucher lottery, I find that voucher winning households hold stronger market-oriented beliefs than voucher losing households.  Voucher winning households are willing to pay more for private services and express a preference for private service provision.  However, voucher winning households show no difference in political participation.  Evidence suggest that this is driven by a belief in private providers as permanent economic actors.  These results suggest economic preferences are malleable and exposure to different economic actors, in the form of private schools, have the potential to change them.

About the Speaker: Emmerich Davies is a Ph.D. candidate in Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania and will be joining the faculty at the Harvard Graduate School of Education in July 2016.  His dissertation examines the growth of private elementary education in India. His work has been supported by the American Institute of Indian Studies Junior Fellowship, and the National Academy of Education and Spencer Foundation. In addition, Emmerich has a project with Tulia Falleti on local community political participation after the left turn in Bolivia and is beginning work on variation in education quality across India.

The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace was founded nearly 100 years ago as the Hoover War Library with a donation by Herbert Hoover, who later said, “This Institution is not, and must not be, a mere library, but…must dynamically point the road to peace, to personal freedom, and to the safeguards of the American system.”  Since its founding, the Hoover Institution has grown into one of the most prominent global research centers (“think tanks”) and the only one with a world class Library & Archives as its foundation. Today Hoover supports hundreds of fellows in disciplines including economics, history, political science, and the humanities, while maintaining a Library & Archive that is among the largest in the United States with almost 7,000 archival collections in more than 150 languages. The Library & Archives draws over 10,000 visitors annually to its reading rooms, events, exhibits, scholarly conferences and workshops. Eric Wakin, Deputy Director of Hoover and the Robert H. Malott director of its Library & Archives, will discuss the rich history of this unique Institution and where it will be headed in its next hundred years.

胡佛研究所（全称“胡佛战争、革命与和平研究所”）成立于近一百年前，最早称作“胡佛战争图书馆”，由赫伯特·胡佛（后来任美国第31届总统）创建。他曾说，“这个研究所绝对不能仅仅是一个图书馆，还应指引美国的和平、自由之路，同时捍卫美国的制度”。自创立以来，胡佛研究所已经成长为全球著名的研究机构（智库）之一，也是唯一自建立之初拥有世界级图书与档案馆的研究所。如今，胡佛研究所支持几百位来自不同领域的研究者进行研究，包含：经济学、历史学、政治学以及其他人文学科，同时维持图书与档案馆的运营。作为美国最大的图书与档案馆之一，胡佛档案馆内拥有150多种语言的7000多类档案文件，每年能够吸引上万名读者来到阅读室、展览区参加学术会议和工作坊。Wakin教授作为胡佛研究所副所长、胡佛研究所图书与档案馆馆长，将会探讨胡佛研究所的丰富历史，并展望研究所未来百年的发展方向。

Eric Wakin is the deputy director of the Hoover Institution and the Robert H. Malott Director of the Institution’s library and archives, overseeing their strategic direction and operations. Wakin is the author of Anthropology Goes to War: Professional Ethics and Counterinsurgency in Thailand. His current research interest is guns and gun control in the nineteenth-century United States and he is revising a manuscript titled "From Flintlock to ‘Tramps’ Terror’: Guns and Gun Control in Nineteenth-Century New York City.” He has also coauthored a number of walking-tour books and travel guides. Before coming to Hoover, Wakin was the Herbert H. Lehman Curator for American History and the Curator of Manuscripts at the Rare Book & Manuscript Library at Columbia University, where he also taught courses in the History Department on public history, memory and narrative, archives and knowledge, and theory.

Wakin教授为美国斯坦福大学胡佛研究所副所长、胡佛研究所图书与档案馆馆长，负责胡佛研究所战略规划和设计。Wakin教授著有《人类学走向战争：泰国的职业伦理与叛乱镇压》（Anthropology Goes to War: Professional Ethics and Counterinsurgency in Thailand.）。他最近的研究方向为19世纪美国的枪支及其管控，正在修订一篇题为《从老式火枪到“流浪汉”的恐惧：19世纪纽约城的枪支及其管控》（From Flintlock to ‘Tramps’ Terror: Guns and Gun Control in Nineteenth-Century New York City）的书稿。任职胡佛研究所之前，Wakin 教授是哥伦比亚大学莱曼美国历史中心主任、哥伦比亚大学珍本与手稿图书馆馆长。同时，他也在哥伦比亚大学历史系教授有关公共历史、记忆与叙事、档案的课程。Wakin教授先后于密西根大学和哥伦比亚大学获得硕士、博士学位，并先后为数十家企业提供企业战略发展、运筹规划的咨询。

This forum will focus on the importance of community health services and primary health care reform in China and discuss the deepening efforts to establish a two-way referral system to help boost access and equality of high-quality medical resources and basic public health services.  At this year’s annual forum, distinguished experts will present research examining China’s emerging hierarchical medical system (including insurance payments, referral arrangements, and chronic and acute disease treatment initiatives). Policymakers, providers, and researchers will introduce China's overall policies towards this new system as well as describe the practice and challenges of primary care delivery and innovative approaches of internet-based and integrated medical care systems.